Type-writing machine.



C. GABRIELSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man SEPT. 24. 1913.

Patented Apr 3,1917.

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C. GABRIELSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 24. 1913.

Patented Apr. 3, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. GABRIELSON.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLlCATlON FILED SEPT-24, I913.

Patented Apr. 3, 1917.

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CARL GABRIELSON, or SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO L. 0. SMITH & RROs. TYPE- wRIrER COMPANY, OF SYRACUSE, new YORK, a CORPORATION on NEW YORK.

TYRnwRirIuG MACHINE.

i To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARL GABniELsoN, a citizen. of the United States, and resident of Syracuse, county if Onondaga, Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines, and more particularly to the means for controlling the longitudinal movement of the ribbon from one winding spool to the other.

It is desirable to as nearly as possible subject all portions of a typewriter ribbon. to I The ribbon is commonlyuniform wear. wound from one spool onto another by power supplied from the spring drum or carriage propelling means, and so long as movement of the carriage under the action of said impolling means is controlled by the ordinary escapement devices the ribbon will be uniformly fed past the printing point. When, however, the carriage is released from the control of the escapement devices and allowed to move more than a letter space distance the ribbon will be moved irregularly past the printing point. The rate of movement of theribbon, when the carriage is moving, as above referred to, free of the con trol of its escapement devices, as in tabulating, will ordinarily vary, according as the spool upon which it isbeing wound is comparatively full or empty.

The object of the present-invention is to provide means by which the ribbon will be caused to move more slowly from one spool to another when. the carriage eontrollin es capement devices are released than it does when said escapement devices are operative to limit the movement ofthe carriage to a step by step movement; and to properly actuate the ribbon devices regardless of the amount of ribbon upon the winding spool.

In the accompanying drawings;-

Fignre lis a view partly in elevation and partly in section of parts of a typewriting machine having an embodiment of the present invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is a plan of the ribbon feeding mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the ribbon mechanism.

specifieationof Letters Patent.

plied thereto.

Patented Apr. 3, 1917. Serial No. 791,568.

: Fig. 4 is'a detail elevation on an enlarged .scale of the carriage spring drum and the parts const1tut1ng the present invention ap- Fig. 5 is a sectional view substantially on the line 55 of Fig. l.

In Fig. l of the drawings many of the parts of a typewriting machine are shown more or less conventionally, and numerous details not necessary to an understanding of the present invention are entirely omitted for the sake of clearness.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the frame of the typewriting machine and 2 the carriage, which is mounted to travel therein. being connected with a spring drum 3 by a band or strap 4.

Movement of the carriage is normally controlled by escapement devices comprising dogs 5, 6, and a ratchet 7, the latter being mounted on a shaft prov ded with a pimon 8 with which engages a rack 9 secured to the carriage.

The machine, as usual, also includes means by which the carriage may be freed from the control of said escapement' devices and allowed to travel freely under the action of pending shaft provided at its lower end with a beveled pinion 13 with which is adapted to mesh a. corresponding pinion 14lon a shaft 15. The shafts 15 are flexibly connected with shafts 16 provided with beveled pinions that respectively engage pinions at the end of a main ribbon drive shaft 17 which is connected with the carriage propelling spring drum 3, as hereinafter de scribed.

The outer ends of the shafts 15 are supported by rockers 18 so connected. that but one of the ribbon spools is directly geared to the main shaft 17 at any time, and each spool is provided with means by which as it becomes empty sald rockers are automat eally actuated to move the shaft out of engagement with the pinion '13 of the full spool and simultaneously connect the correspondingshaft with the pinion at the lower end of the empty spool. 7

The means thus briefly described for alternately connecting'the ribbon spools with the main shaft 17 are more fully illustrated in an earlierPatent, N0. 929,933, dated August 3, 1909.

. of said ratchet so as to normally move drum bracket of the machine.

therewith but capable of turning in their hearing therein, and these pinions respec-.

tively engage gears 24, 25 mounted on the aforesaid sleeve 26; The gear 24 is fastened securely to said sleeve and to the face of the gear 25 is secured a ratchet 27 with which normally engages a holding pawl 28 acting to prevent backward movement'when the typewriter carriage is moving to the right or in opposite direction to that from which it tends to move under the action of the spring drum.

The gear 25 and ratchet 27 are pressed toward the ratchet 3 by a spring washer 29 which is carried by a worm 30 which meshes with a worm gear 31 mounted on the shaft 17 and held inengagement therewith by a spring pressed clutch 32. The worm 30 is adjustable longitudinallv of the sleeve 26, being threaded thereon and is held in the desired position by a lock nut 33. This arrangement permits of the necessary adjustment to maintain the proper friction be tween the several ratchets and gears. It is preferable to arrange washers of brass or other suitable material between the ratchet 20 and the gears 24, 25.

As shown, the dog 28 is mounted on one arm of a lever 34 fulcrumed on the spring The arm of the lever 34 on which the dog 28 is mounted terminates at its free end in a tooth adapted to'engage the ratchet 27 when said lever is rocked. Another arm of the lever 34 extends beneath a pin 36 projecting laterally from the escapement release link 11 whereby when the carriage is released from the control of the escapement, as by operating the tabulating key 10, the lever 34 will be rocked to'bring the tooth 35 into engagement with the ratchet 27.' A stationary stud 0r abutment, cooperating with an arm 34 on the lever 34, limits upward movement of the rod 11 under the action of a spring 34*. The dog 28 is provided with an enlarged heavier lower end so that it automatically i swings into position to engage the ratchet 27 when the release rod 11 has risen sufliciently to permit the tooth 35 to be disengaged from said ratchet by the action of the spring 34*.

The operation of the'invention is as follows:

Normally, when movement of the carriage under the force of the spring drum 3 is being controlled by the feed pawls 5, 6, the several parts occupy the positions shown in Fig. 4. The lead of the worm (advance of the worm on one turn) is seven times greater than the pitch (distance between center of teeth), and, therefore, the worm, when turning normally with the spring drum owing to the friction between the ratchet 20 and the gear 24, will advance the worm gear 31 and main ribbon driving shaft 17 a distance equal to seven teeth of the gear. 31. This gear, as shown and before described, is connected with the shaft 17 by a. clutch for the. purpose of permitting the ribbon to be wound from one spool to another by hand without having to disconnect both spools from the driving means. The gear 31 has twelve teeth so that the shaft 17 will revolve through seven-twelfths of a complete revolutionduring each revolution of the worm parts occupy the relative positions shown in Fig. 4 and the escapement devices are controlling movement of the carriage.

As before described, the two pinions 22, 28 carried by the ratchet 20 are free to rotate on their axis in the ratchet, but normally there is no tendency for such independent turning thereof, as the friction between the spur gears 24, 25 and the ratchet 20 rotates all the parts on the sleeve 26 in unison. When, however, the carriage is released from the control of the escapement devices, as by depressing the tabulator key 10, downward movement of the carriage release link 11 rocks the lever 34 to force the tooth 35 thereof into engagement with the ratchet 27, thereby holding this ratchet and the spur gear 25 connected thereto against rotation. With the parts thus positioned, it will be seen that when the ratchet 20 commences to turn with the spring drum 3, by engagement of the pawl 21, the pinion 23, being in mesh with the stationary spur gear 25, is forced to revolve, and the pinion 22 carried therewith must also revolve. The pinion 22 has twelve teeth and the gear 24 with which it meshes has forty, while the pinion 23 has thirteen teeth, and its engaged gear is provided W111i], thirty-nine teeth.

the pinion 23 has thirteen teeth and the gear 25 thirty-nine teeth, the pinion must make three revolutions to travel once around the gear 25, and as the pinion 22 1s rigid with tl e pinion 23 it will also make three revolutions. The pinion 22, however, has only twelve teeth, and, therefore, during three revolutions it will mesh with but thirty-six teeth of the gear 24:. This latter gear is provided, as above noted, with forty teeth, and as the ratchet 20 makes one complete revolution it forces the gear 24 four teeth in the direction of its own travel. This is just one-tenth the distance the gear 24 travels when all of the parts are turning freely and occupy the relative positions shown in Fig. 4. Therefore, while the carriage is moving under the action of the spring drum 3 and free from the control of the dogs 5 and 6, the ribbon drive shaft 17 will turn at considerably less than its normal speed, and the ribbon will travel correspondingly slow'er past the printing point of the machine.

The difference in the rate of travel of the ribbon, or the speed at which the ribbon driving shaft is rotated, under the two different conditions above referred to, can, of course, be varied as desired by changing the ppoportions of the gears and pinions.

It will be evident that in addition to slowing down the speed of the ribbon with relation to the speed of the carriage, when tabulating, I also introduce, during the tabulating movements only, a certain amount of frictional resistance to the travel of the can riage. This is an important feature of my invention as it largely prevents damage to the machine due to the shock when the carriage is stopped by the tabulating stops. This frictional resistance is largely created between the spring washer 29, which travels with the worm 30, and the gear 27, which is held stationary by the pawl 35 when tabulating. Some slight additional friction is simultaneously created between the gears 20 and 25 and between the gears 20 and 24:. The amount of friction at these various points can be regulated by adjusting the worm wheel 30 on the sleeve 26 and looking it at any desired point by the locking nut 33. The friction should not, of course, be such as to materially reduce the speed of the carriage. It is well recognized, however, that the carriage should not be as free to move under the tension of the spring drum during long movements in tabulating as it should be in letter spacing.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, carriage escapement devices, means for releasing the carriage from said escapement devices, ribbon spools, connections between the carriage impelling means and ribbon spools for feeding the ribbon from one spool to ,the other, and means controlled by said releasing means for automatically changing the rate of movement of the ribbon relatively to the speed of the carriage.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending to impel the carriage in one direction, carriage escapement devices, means for releasing the carriage from its escapement devices, ribbon spools, a ribbon driving shaft connected with the carriage impelling means, and mechanism controlled by the releasing means for reducing the speed of rotation of the ribbon driving shaft.

3. In a typewriter, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, carriage escapement devices, a ribbon, devices for feeding the ribbon longitudinally connected with the carriage impelling means, and means for releasing the carriage from the control of the escapement devices and means for simultaneously effecting an adjustment to cause the ribbon to travel at less than its normal speed.

l. In a typewriter, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, two ribbon spools, means connected with the carriage impelling means for positively rotating the ribbon spools alternately, means for releasing the carriage from the escapement de vices, and means for propelling the positively driven ribbon spool at a reduced speed when the carriage is thus released.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a carriage, means constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage by said impelling means, means for releasing the carriage from the control of the esoapement devices, two ribbon spools, and connections between the carriage impelling means and the ribbon spools, for positively rotating the spools alternately, including means whereby the positively driven spool will be turned at one speed when the escapement devices are controlling movement of the carriage and means whereby it will be turned at a different speed when the carriage is released from control of the escapement devices.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage by said impelling means, ribbon spools, means for positively rotating one of the spools whenever the carriage is moved by said impelling means, means for releasing the carriage from the escapement devices, and means for causing the positively rotated spool to turn relatively slower when the carriage is moving independent of the escapement devices.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tend- -mg to mpel the carriage 111 one directlon, carriage escapement devices, means for re- 8. 'In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending, to impel the carriage in one direction, carriage escapement devices, means for releasing the carriage from its escapement devices, ribbon spools, a ribbon driving shaft connected with the carriage impelling means, and mechanism for causing the ribbon dllV-z ing shaft to rotate faster when. the carriage ismoving under the control of the escapement devices than .when it is moving independent of such control.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending to move'the carriage in one direction, carriage escapement devices, means for releasing the carriage from the escapement devices, a ribbon, means actuated by the carriage impelling means for feeding the ribbon longitudinally, and means for varying the speed of longitudinal movement of the ribbon relative to that of the carriage.

10.. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, carriage escapement devices, means for releasing the carriage from the escapement devices, a ribbon, ribbon feeding means constantly connected with the carriage impelling means, and means for automatically varying the relative rate of speed of travel between the carriage and ribbon when the carriage is released from the escapement devices.

11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a "carriage, a spring drum constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage, two ribbon spools, a driving shaft adapted tobe rotated by the spring drum, connections between the'driving shaft and ribbon spools 7, f for alternately connecting the spools with said shaft, means'for releasing the carriage from the escapement devices, and meansfor I automatically varying the connections between the driving shaft and spring drum to change the speed of the shaft when the carriage is released from control of the escapement devices. 7

12. In a typewriting machine, the combi- 'nationof a carriage, a spring drum con-" stantly tending to move the carriage in one directlon, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage, two ribbon spools, a driving shaft adapted to be rotated by the spring drum, connections between the driving shaft and ribbon spools for alternately connecting the spools with said shaft, means for releasing the carriage from the escapement devices, and means for automatically varying the connections between the driving shaft and spring drum to cause the shaft to rotate more slowly when the carriage is moving free from the control of the escapement devices than when said devices are operating.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage, means for releasing the carriage from the escapement devices, a ribbon driving shaft, a worm wheel geared to said shaft and spring drum for constantly turning the shaft while the carriage is in motion. under the action of the drum, and means adapted to automatically reduce the speed of rotation of the worm wheel during such movement of the carriage free from control of the escapement devices.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum 0011- U stantly tending to move the carnage in one direction, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage, a tabulator key, a ribbon feedingshaft, means constantly connecting said shaft and drum, and means controlled by the tabulator key for causing the shaft to rotate more slowly when the escapement devices are inoperative than when said devices control movement of the carriage.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage, a ribbon feeding shaft, a ratchet adapted to turn with the drum, a gear connected with said shaft and ratchet by means normally causing it to turn in unison with the ratchet, means adapted to act upon the connection between the ratchet and gear to cause the latter to turn more slowly than the ratchet, and a key adapted to simultaneously release the carriage from the escapement devices and render the last said means operative.

16, In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum coniii) escapement devices and simultaneously rendering said difl'erential gear operative to reduce the speed of rotation of the ribbon feeding shaft.

17. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum constantly tending to move the carriage in one direction, escapement devices normally controlling movement of the carriage, a ribbon feeding shaft, a ratchet adapted to turn with the drum, a gear connected with the shaft, an independently revoluble pinion carried by the ratchet and engaging said gear, and means for releasing the carriage from the escapement devices and causing the pinion to rotate about its own axis as it is carried about the gear by the ratchet, for the purpose described. I

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means for imparting a step by step movement to the carriage for letter spacing, means for releasing the carriage from its stepping mechanism for tabulating, and means for feeding the ribbon at different speeds relatively to the speed of the carriage when the latter is stepped for letter spacing and released for tabulating, respectively.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, means for imparting a step by step movement to the carriage for letter spacing, means for releasing the carriage from its stepping mechanism for tabulating, means for feeding the ribbon at different speeds relatively to the speed of-the carriage when the latter is stepped for letter spacing and released for tabulating, respectively, and means for simultaneously applying a brake to the carriage movement when the carriage is released for tabulating.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage, carriage propelling means, tabulating means including a carriage release device, and means for moving a ribbon longitudinally over the printing point, of means for reducing the speed of the ribbon relatively to the carriage speed when tabulating and for simultaneously ap plying a brake to the carriage.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the carriage, carriage propelling means, tabulating means including a carriage release device, and means for moving a ribbon longitudinally over the printing point, of gearing and braking devices adapted to be simultaneously thrown into operation by the tabulating means and adapted to eflect a relatively slow movement of the ribbon and a retardation of the carriage during tabulating movements of the latter.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum connected With the carriage and acting constantly to move it in one direction, a ribbon, means for moving the ribbon longitudinally continuously throughout each movement of the carriage by said drum, escapement devices adapted to control movement of the carriage under the action of the drum, means for releasing the carriage from the control of the escapement devices, and means whereby the speed with which the ribbon travels will be varied according as the carriage movement is controlled by or is independent of the escapement devices.

23. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, a spring drum connected with the carriage and acting constantly to move it in one direction, a ribbon, means for moving the ribbon longitudinally continuously throughout each movement of the carriage by said drum, escapement devices adapted to control movement of the carriage under the action of the drum, means for releasing the carriage from the control of the escapement devices, and means whereby the ribbon will travel more slowly during movement of the carriage when the escapement devices are inoperative than when the carriage movement is controlled by the escapement devices.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CARL GABRIELSON. Witnesses:

WILLIS J. IIoLBRooK, EARL L. CHRYsTAL.

Gopiea of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of ratents Waagton, D. 0. 

